Milestone One: Obtain list of Names
Milestone Two: Set out Methodology & Workshop with Facilitators
Milestone Three: Workshops & Creation of Map Biographies
Milestone Four: Replicate & Store Raw Data
Milestone Five: Review Transcripts and Map Biographies
Milestone Six: Enter Oral Data into Database
Milestone Seven: Digitise Data & Produce Map Composites
Milestone Eight: Verify Draft Maps
Milestone Nine: Production of Final Maps
Milestone One: Obtain list of Names
Aim: Obtain a working list of custodians from the cluster to workshop with
Organise list of workshop-participants
Prioritise list
Assess length of time required (estimate) for each person
Preview area of expertise
Schedule time, date & location
Milestone Two: Methodology & Workshop with Facilitators
Aim: To introduce the Mapping of oral traditions Methodology to the facilitators
Facilitators are required to lay the groundwork between the researchers and the custodians of knowledge
Topics:
- Overview of Mapping Methodology (refer to milestones)
- NZMS 260 Topographical Maps
- Oral Information (Use & Occupation)
- Workshop Method
- Populate the NZMS 260 with the location of traditional information using labels (theme-by-theme or area-by-area)
- Enter the names with each location identified on the 260 map
- Record detail of the place/name in Minute book
- Record workshop (map of place/name) using Video
- Populate the ‘Database’ with oral information
- Convert video to DVD
- Scan the ‘final’ NZMS once all workshops concluded & Store
Milestone Three: Workshops & Creation of Map Biographies
Aim: To collect the Oral Histories & Traditions & create map biographies representing the oral information provided by each of the custodians
Resources:
- NZMS 260 (x4) copies that cover the entire claim area (x3 hardcopies & x1 digital)
- Any other supporting plans & maps of the claim area (Marine maps, Heritage maps, aerials etc)
- Lamination facilities
- Room with tables, sufficient lighting, power, wall space & storage space
- Labeller & labels (black on white, black on transparent, white on transparent)
- Minute book & other stationery (pencils, sharpies)
- Video Recorder & tapes (miniDV)& tripod
- Arc GIS
Method: Workshops
The oral information is captured in a workshop centered around a topographical map (NZMS 260 @ 1:50,000) of the ancestral territories. Workshops will focus primarily on collecting information about how the land was used and occupied. This information will be inserted directly onto the topographical map or onto a transparent overlay.
Land use activities involve harvesting traditional resources such as trapping of birds, hunting areas, taunga ika, and gathering plants, berries and other natural resources; this could also include any traveling routes to these places. We will record the location of where these activities occurred and any given names.
How the land was occupied refers to areas of continuous use, habitation, settlement, battles & sites of battles, naming of place, knowledge and control over such areas. It can also include stories and legends about places, ecological knowledge of the regions, and place names whilst habitation sites include kainga, wananga sites, battle sites, burial grounds, tauranga waka and so on.
Workshops will be conducted either: By ‘theme’, representing an area of expertise or block/region/hapu area/claim area
Themes: Battle sites, pa sites, wananga sites & other significant sites, ceremonial sites, ‘fishing’ grounds, harvesting areas, settlement areas, travelling routes, urupa, spiritual sites and so on
Summary of Workshop Methodology
- Populate the NZMS 260 with the location of traditional information using labels (theme-by-theme or area-by-area)
- Enter the names with each location identified on the 260 map
- Record detail of the place/name in Minute book
- Record workshop (map of place/name) using Video
- Populate the ‘Database’ with oral information
- [Convert video to DVD]
Milestone Four: Replicate & Store Raw Data
Aim: Backup all raw data.
How:
Scan the 260 maps that have been populated with information
Process & replicate the workshop recordings (video & minute book)
Milestone Five: Review Transcripts & Map Biographies
Aim: Review transcript and map biography data as required prior to
digitizing the raw data into an electronic format
Reason: To ensure consistency in data between the transcripts and the map biographies (260s)
Note any inconsistencies for later clarification and verification by the custodians.
All the ‘transcript’ data is coded in preparation for database entry
Milestone Six: Enter Oral Data into Database
Aim: Enter oral data from minute books & other recordings as required into database
Information:
Name, person submitting information, given English name, literal translation, meaning or story associated with place, feature type, distinctive features, activity type, primary source of information, other sources, NZMS ref, ref to oral map, CODE, layer, notes of explanation
Milestone Seven: Digitise Data & Produce Map Composites
Aim: Convert all oral data into an electronic format for inclusion into GIS
Liaise with researchers throughout the entire process & add data to map biographies as required
All the data collected from the custodians and placed on the 260s is converted via digitizing into an electronic format for manipulation using GIS software.
Once all the data from all the custodians is digitized into electronic form it is checked against the original 260s maps to ensure all the data is captured.
Data in electronic format can be stored, manipulated and combined in many ways to form a variety of maps from a composite of all the custodian information to separate maps that show the location of fishing grounds, food gathering sites, battle sites and so on.
A digital composite of all the data gathered from the custodians can be compiled.
New data can be added to GIS at any stage and combined with existing data to produce specific maps.
Eliminate any redundant data
(Several sources of information for the same feature)
Eliminate redundant information from the composite rather than the custodian layer
Milestone Eight: Verify Draft Maps
Aim: To verify the overall quality, presentation and completeness of the mapped information before final printing
How:
Conduct a workshop to verify the draft maps
Print off draft hardcopies for the custodians to verify
Verify the quality & completeness of each map
Ensure cluster is completely satisfied with the way the information is presented
Keep a record of all comments, and any data added to the maps
Milestone Nine: Production of Final Maps
Aim: Produce final maps as directed to support the final report
NOTES:
The Mapping Budget
The mapping budget is largely constrained by two factors:
- The number of workshop-participants required to cover all aspects of the oral mapping
- The number of final maps
The original mapping budget suggested a fund for the workshops to be video-recorded. This would have served several purposes:
- It would provide another level of quality control over the raw data during the checking process;
- It would streamline the workshop process by allowing the workshop-participants to proceed without being interrupted by the mapping specialist who would need to record, in writing, the detail of each item of information;
- It would then allow me to enter the information into a database directly from the video recording
- It would also provide an electronic copy of the raw mapping data; this is effectively a another means for ensuring the protection of the raw data besides the maps themselves
- Finally, it would provide valuable information that could form the basis of a cultural information database
Mapping budget should include:
- A separate up-to-date list of workshop-participants for the mapping part of the project
- An estimate of how 'long' they would require to workshop their information/knowledge/ korero
- An idea of their area of expertise whether by theme or region/area/block/claim etc
- Where they are located for logistical purposes
- The time-estimate will more than likely be based on the amount of information they have to share; this in turn may have a bearing on how we present their information once we have gathered the bulk of the information & hence the number of potential 'final' maps required to support the report
- Provide a dollar estimate on the time required to cover all workshop participants
- Provide an estimate of the time required to process the initial raw data provided by each workshop-participant
- Provide an estimate of the number of potential maps required for the final report (I stress estimate - the actual number of maps required will unfold as we gather the information and determine the best way to present the information. Density & volume of information will be the key components in determining this)
- Provide an estimate of the time required to convert the raw data for inclusion into GIS & for initial draft maps required for checking
- Other estimates can then be made on travel arrangements, accommodation, food, rental, space requirements, timing required for processing information and other relevant expenses
- Naaku noa -
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